This effect causes the sudden change noticeable in a passing siren, as well as the redshift seen by astronomers. Doppler effect an increase (or decrease) in the frequency of sound, light, or other waves as the source and observer move toward (or away from) each other This is the Venturi effect, and the mask is called the Venturi mask. Air enters the mask because the static pressure of the air is larger than the static pressure of the oxygen in flow. In the area of the mask openings, Pair = P + rv2/2, thus Pair > P. The answer to this question is B because oxygen pressure is the sum of the oxygen static pressure P and the oxygen flow pressure rv2/2. Which phenomenon causes static air to be drawn into the mask when oxygen flows? C/P: A patient puts on a mask with lateral openings and inhales oxygen from a tank. The answer to this question is A because both curves have a sigmoidal shape, which is indicative of cooperative processes. C/P: Which statement about the cooperativity of RIα/C activation and RIα protein folding is supported by the data in figures 2 and 3?Ī) Both activation and folding are cooperative.ī) Activation is cooperative, but folding is not.Ĭ) Folding is cooperative, but activation is not.ĭ) Neither activation nor folding is cooperative A) Both activation and folding are cooperative. The answer to this question is A because reactions involving either Ser or Thr would involve the hydroxyl group in the side chain of these amino acids. C/P: Based on the information in the passage, PDK1 catalyzes the addition of phosphate to what functional group? The answer to this question is D because the phosphorylated threonine would most likely be mimicked by glutamic acid in terms of size and charge. Phosphorylated sHM (spHM) was also used in place of sHM." "This experiment was repeated in the presence of a synthetic peptide that mimics the HM domain (sHM) of Ser/Thr kinases with the amino acid sequence FLGFTY. C/P: When used in place of spHM, which peptide would be most likely to achieve the same experimental results? Therefore, the experiment should require γ32P-ATP. The answer to this question is C because the phosphoryl transfer from kinases comes from the γ-phosphate of ATP. C/P: In designing the experiment, the researchers used which type of P-32 labeled ATP? In addition, the lysine side chain will carry one positive charge and the glutamic acid side chain will carry one negative charge. The answer to this question is C because at pH 7.2, the N-terminus will be positively charged and the C-terminus will be negatively charged. This synthetic T-loop (sT-loop) was incubated with 32P-labeled ATP in the presence of PDK1 for different time periods at 37 ° C and pH 7.2, and the amount of radioactivity incorporated into sT-loop was measured by detection of β- decay." "A synthetic peptide with the amino acid sequence KTFCGPEYLA was generated as a mimic of the T-loop. C/P: What is the net charge of sT-loop at pH 7.2? Because the energy of the photon matches the energy gap between the ground and the excited state, this implies that the aromatic side chain has more closely spaced energy levels. The answer to this question is B because aromatic side chains absorb in the near UV region of the electromagnetic spectrum, which has longer wavelengths, and hence lower energy, than peptide bonds. B) An aromatic side chain the absorbed photon energy is lower. The CD signals of these bonds are dramatically impacted by their proximity to secondary structural elements."ĭ) Tyr C) Ala C/P: Based on the relative energy of the absorbed electromagnetic radiation, which absorber, a peptide bond or an aromatic side chain, exhibits an electronic excited state that is closer in energy to the ground state?Ī) An aromatic side chain the absorbed photon energy is higher.ī) An aromatic side chain the absorbed photon energy is lower.Ĭ) A peptide bond the absorbed photon energy is higher.ĭ) A peptide bond the absorbed photon energy is lower. The peptide bond absorbs in the far UV region (190-250 nm). The side chains of amino acid residues absorb in this region. "Asymmetry resulting from tertiary structural features causes the largest increase in CD signal intensity in the near UV region of peptides. C/P: Which amino acid will contribute to the CD signal in the far UV region, but NOT the near UV region, when part of a fully folded protein?
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